FAQ Gaganyaan

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The Gaganyaan Programme envisages undertaking the demonstration of human spaceflight to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) in the short-term and will lay the foundation for a sustained Indian human space exploration programme in the long run. The objective of Gaganyaan programme is to demonstrate indigenous capability to undertake human space flight mission to LEO.

As part of this programme, two unmanned missions and one manned mission are approved by Government of India (GoI).

The Human spaceflight programme has both tangible and intangible benefitsfor the nation, which includes:

Progress towards a sustained and affordable human and robotic programme to explore the solar system and beyond.
Advanced technology capability for undertaking human space exploration, sample return missions and scientific exploration.
Future capability to actively collaborate in global space station development & to carry out scientific experiments of interest to the nation.
Create a broad frame work for wider Academia – Industry partnership in taking up development activities for national development.
Ample scope for employment generation and human resource development in advanced science and R&D activities.
Unique opportunity to inspire and excite Indian youth and steer many students toward careers in science and technology towards challenging jobs that encourage knowledge, innovation and creativity.
The programme will strengthen international partnerships and global security through the sharing of challenging and peaceful goals. Having a vibrant human spaceflight programme can be leveraged as a potent foreign policy tool.

The total cost of Gaganyaan Programme ~ 9023.00 crores

The uncrewed missions are for technology demonstration, safety and reliability verification and will be heavily instrumented to study the performance of systems before crewed flight.

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The major new technologies required for Gaganyaan programme are as follows:

Human rated launch vehicle
Crew escape systems
Habitable orbital module
Life support system
Crew selection and training and associated crew management activities

The Gaganyaan Programme is going to be a major National effort. The overall programme co-ordination, systems engineering and implementation will be carried out by ISRO. Further, the human rated launch vehicle, crew escape system, Orbital module and essential infrastructure will be realised by ISRO utilizing the in-house expertise and with participation of Industry, Academia and National agencies. The private players in the country have developed significant expertise in niche areas, and this will be effectively utilized in the programme.

For the first crewed mission of Gaganyaan programme, astronaut trainees are selected from pool of test pilots, based on selection criterion jointly defined by ISRO and Indian air force which comprises of flying experience, fitness, psychological and aeromedical evaluation (including anthropometric parameters).

Major collaborating partners for Gaganyaan include

Indian Armed Forces
Defence Research Development organisation
Indian maritime agencies - Indian Navy, Indian Coast Guard, Shipping corporation of India, National institute of Oceanography, National Institute of Ocean Technology.
Indian Meteorological Department
CSIR Labs
Academic institutes
Industry partners

After the successful completion of Gaganyaan programme, the next step will focus towards achieving capability for a sustained human presence in space.

Activities associated with Space station will be an extension of Gaganyaan Programme. The detailed proposals and modalities for space station will be worked out in future.