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INSAT System The Indian National Satellite (INSAT) system is a joint venture of the Department of Space (DOS), Department of Telecommunications (DOT), India Meteorological Department (IMD), All India Radio (AIR) and Doordarshan. The overall coordination and management of INSAT system rests with the Secretary-level INSAT Coordination Committee (ICC). Established in 1983, INSAT has become one of the largest domestic communication satellite systems in the Asia Pacific Region with eight satellites in operation — INSAT-2E, INSAT-3A, INSAT-3B, INSAT-3C, INSAT-3E, KALPANA-1, GSAT-2 and EDUSAT. Satellites in Service EDUSAT The launch of EDUSAT, India's first thematic satellite for addressing the educational services on September 20, 2004, was an important landmark during the year. The satellite is specially configured for audio-visual medium, employing digital interactive classroom and multimedia, multi-centric system. The satellite transponders and their ground coverage are specially configured to cater to the educational requirement of the country.
EDUSAT carries:
After its injection into Geostationary Transfer Orbit by GSLV, EDUSAT was successfully manoeuvred to its allocated orbital slot of 74 degree East longitude where it is collocated with Kalpana-1 and INSAT-3C. The communication transponders of EDUSAT have been tested and the satellite is ready for use. INSAT-2 Series INSAT-2E, the last of the five satellite in the series, is now in its sixth year of service. It carries the following payloads:
Under an agreement with the International Tele-communications Satellite Organisation (INTELSAT), eleven 36 MHz equivalent units of C-band capacity on INSAT-2E have been leased to INTELSAT. INSAT-3 Series Of the five satellites, INSAT-3A through INSAT-3E, planned under INSAT-3 series, four satellites — INSAT-3A, INSAT-3B, INSAT-3C and INSAT-3E have already been launched and are providing satisfactory service. INSAT-3A The multipurpose satellite, INSAT-3A, was launched by Ariane on April 10, 2003. It is located at 93.5 degree East longitude. The payloads on INSAT-3A are as follows:
INSAT-3B INSAT-3B was launched on March 23, 2000. It is collocated with INSAT-2E at 83 degree East longitude. INSAT-3B comprises the following payloads covering Indian region:
INSAT-3C was launched on January 24, 2002. It is positioned at 74 degree East longitude. Following are the INSAT-3C payloads with India coverage:
KALPANA-1 is an exclusive meteorological satellite which was launched by PSLV on September 12, 2002. The satellite comprise a VHRR and a DRT payload to provide meteorological services. It is located at 74 degree East longitude. INSAT-3E INSAT-3E was launched on September 28, 2003. It is positioned at 55 degree East longitude. The payloads of INSAT-3E comprise the following:
GSAT-2 GSAT-2 was launched on May 8, 2003 by GSLV from SDSC SHAR. It is located at 48 degree East and carries the following payloads:
INSAT-3D INSAT-3D carries the state-of-the-art meteorological payloads namely 6 channel imager and 19 channel sounder. During the year, configuration of the spacecraft has been finalised and design of all subsystems completed. The launch is planned during 2007-08. INSAT-4 Series INSAT-4 series is planned to have seven satellites. The transponder configuration of the series has been worked out after evaluating the requirement projected by different users/user departments. INSAT will have about 225 active transponders in various frequency bands by 2007, which can cater to the demand up to 11 GBPS capacity with present day technology. The transponders on INSAT-4 series are distributed as follows:
INSAT-4A INSAT-4A the first in the INSAT-4 series will carry 12 Ku-band and 12 C-band transponders. The Ku-band transponders will primarily meet the growing demand of DTH. The launch of INSAT-4A is planned in the first half of 2005. During the year all the subsystems for the satellite have been realised and the spacecraft integration completed. INSAT-4B INSAT-4B will also carry 12 Ku-band and 12 C-band transponders. The Ku-band transponders on INSAT-4B will meet the additional demand. It is planned for launch during 2005-06. The realisation of the subsystems have progressed well during the year and the payloads are expected to be ready by the first quarter of 2005. The satellite integration is planned by the middle of 2005. INSAT-4C INSAT-4C is an exclusive Ku-band satellite with 12 transponders. During the year, the configuration of the spacecraft including the communication payload and antenna systems, has been finalised. The launch interface has also been defined. GSAT-4 GSAT-4 is primarily an experimental satellite for Ka band communication payload. The payload composition is as follows:
During the year, spacecraft level design review has been completed. The interface for the TAUVEX payload has been reviewed. The layout of the equipment on the north, south and earth viewing panels has been finalised. The launch of GSAT-4 is planned during 2006-07. GSAT-5/INSAT-4D The government has approved the GSAT-5 project during the year. It is an exclusive C-band satellite carrying 24 transponders. Of these, 12 transponders have India coverage and other 12 have expanded coverage. The satellite is slated for launch on board GSLV during 2006-07. HAMSAT HAMSAT is an application-specific micro-satellite designed to provide satellite based Radio Amateur Services to Indian as well as international HAM (Amateur Radio Operators) community. The 43.5 kg HAMSAT, planned for launch on board PSLV-C6 as a co-passenger of CARTOSAT-I, will carry Linear Mode B (UHF/VHF) transponders — one Indian transponder and the other designed by a Dutch Amateur Radio Operator from Higher Technical Institute, Venlo, The Netherlands. During the year, the transponder chain has been integrated and spacecraft level thermovac test completed. ANUSAT ANUSAT is a 50 kg micro satellite being designed and fabricated at Anna University, Chennai. The aim is to bring university based academicians and research and development experts of ISRO together to implement a project in university environment. ANUSAT carries a digital store and forward payload for amateur communication. In addition, a number of technological payloads like digital receiver and turbo coder and MEMS based gyro and magnetic field sensor are planned to be in this micro satellite. During the year, the configuration of this satellite has been finalised and breadboard/design verification models of the core electronic systems completed. Master Control Facility (MCF) During the year, MCF successfully carried out the launch and early orbit phase operations of EDUSAT. The Satellite Control Centre at MCF is interfaced with all the Satellite Control Earth Stations thus providing flexibility in operations. The new network switches added to the MCF mission computer network last year is being extensively used for archival of telemetry data from all the satellites. MCF-Bhopal MCF- Bhopal is configured with one 11 meter diameter full motion antenna and three 7.2 meter diameter limited motion antennas, a satellite control centre and a power complex. Civil construction of the technical facilities has progressed well and is nearing completion. Installation of equipment is in progress. |
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